８、台湾风筝
Kite Culture
Chinese kite has a glorious history. It is said, in Han Dynasty, senior general Han Xin once carried on the survey using the kite. Emperor Liangdi once used the kite for signaling, but had not succeeded. In Southern and Northern Dynasties, some people had carried the kite to jump down from the high place but still survived. In Tang Dynasty, Zhang Pei, who was sieged, used the kite signaling for reinforcement and obtained the success in the end. All these showing that the Chinese kite history had more than 2000 years at least.
From the Tang Dynasty, the kite turned to be a kind of toy gradually. During the Tang Dynasty, bamboo whistles were attached to the paper kites, and so when the whistles were blown by the wind, they gave out a sound that was similar to the Chinese musical instrument “zheng”. Since then, the “paper kite” has been known in Chinese as “feng zheng”, meaning “wind zheng”.Also some people said the name of kite origins from the Five Dynasty, when Li Ye sticking the kite with paper and installing the bamboo flute above it.
In the Song Dynasty, the kite developed hugely, its variety increased, the performance enhanced and related more closely with people’s live. Like the date of martial arts world recorded / Young Lang Jing puts the paper yang, by entices, pulls the shearing, take line certainly as negative / During the Northern Song Dynasty There was also the scene which flies a kite in the Pure Brightness the river chart of Zhang Zhaiduan and the hundred-child picture of Su Hanchen. During the Ming Dynasty the painter of Xu Wei had written very many with the kite related poem, for example the wicker makes thread by twisting the cotton wool to rub the hands the cotton and kapok, rubs the hands suffices thousand to seek puts the paper yang. Disappears spring breeze how many strength, the belt the children's generation on the spring. Also for example: I also once put the kite to be happy, did not say this year old in this way, that can be stationed You Chunma, looks at when idly the child broken line. To the Qing Dynasty,it had played wind of the kite to be more abundant. Fable Cixi is called the big jail to run to Tianjin asks kite Wei to grip one to him the longevity god always to ride the Manchurian crane the kite to play. Now in Imperial Palace also is hiding three Fu Yi has played the big kite.
Cao Xueqin described kite scene vividly in 70 chapters of Hong Lou Meng that the sisters in Prospect Garden play different shapes of kites such as crab, beautiful woman, big fish, bat, phoenix, wallow and so on. It can be said that, Chinese toy kite had developed to quite high level at that time.
From Tang Song Dynasty, the Chinese kite spreaded to the world, firstly the North Korea, Japan, Malaya and so on Southeast Asia countries, then passed to some places of Europe and Americas. Under the influence of Europe industrial revolution, Chinese toy kite turned to be flight vehicle. With the efforts of England's Kaili, Australia's Harger and Germany's Li Lindahl et al., in the end, the Wright Brother created the first airplane which was able to carry human beings to fly successfully.
Therefore, a Chinese kite hangs in the American Washington Astronavigation Museum hall, writing “The human earliest flight vehicle is Chinese kite and the rocket.” on it.
Kite Genre
The Chinese kite has more than 2000 years history. As one culture, one kind of folk art, also has its genre naturally. Our country vast in territory; the kite type, style are also differ in thousands of ways because the kite characteristic and the region culture are closely linked.
1. Weifang kite
Weifang is situated at nation of the Qi Lu, ancient name Wei County, is a cultural famous city, also is in the history township of the famous handicraft industry, here produces the clay sculpture, the jewelry, stab embroider, the Yang Jiabu wood engraving lunar new year's painting and the kite all are extremely famous, so long as go you to Weifang, can feel does is deserves for international kite all title. The glorious cultural history, has formed the Weifang kite unique local color. The Weifang kite starts the popular folk from Song Dynasty, the Ming Dynasty is more popular. To does during the fine year to be in vogue clear the native place. Once eight blamed a Zheng Banqiao in the Wei County any seven year county magistrate's Yang state, "Bosom Wei County" in a poem vividly described area Pure Brightness season Weifang in him to release for flight the kite scene: The artificial flower like snow run all over the place, the lovable girl swing hits all around, flies color silk skirt wind swinging, good fights the butterfly the spring to turn over to. Same time Wei County person Guo Lin once has also written this kind of verse: The kite son swing female, chaotic grass new Mi Chunyan are many. Has recorded the local people Pure Brightness festival which in the glorious weather, the vegetation competes sends, struggles lively scene which Bailang River both banks You Chun flies a kite. The Weifang kite entertainer passes through several generation of people to study the exploration painstakingly, they the traditional Chinese painting, the Yang Jiabu wood engraving lunar new year's painting skill and the kite manufacture craft unify ingeniously in together, also has formed the Yang Jiabu kite, the traditional Chinese painting kite and the pictographic kite three branch schools. In the Weifang kite the most representative kite respectively is the main item centipede kite, hard wing character class kite and so on.
2. Beijing kite
The Beijing kite had more than 300 year historical records. It is a folk custom in Beijing that travel and fly the kite in Pure Brightness season.《What one sees and hears Magazine》 said: "Two in March high beam bridges go for a walk in the countryside at the qingming festival, Wan Liutang the bright hawk, makes the harp. " Clear person Pan Rongbi also writed flying the kite lifelikely in《Imperial capital year old epoch wins》"Pure Brightness sweeps the graves, the beautiful woman men and women, are numerous the environs, raises pours lifts the trough, the wheel hub faces one another. Takes along the kite reel respectively, the sweeping finishes, namely discharges in front of the grave wins, the national capital kite, to the utmost exquisite, has the value number gold. "
3. Tianjin kite
The Tianjin kite is also a kind of kite genre with its own characteristic.
4. Nantong kite
5.Anhui kite
6.Jilin kite
7.Jiangnan kite
8.Taiwan kite
世界风联标志纪念塔
